学python分析双色球

by Conor Dewey

由Conor Dewey

我通过使用Python分析了80多个工作拒绝而学到的东西 (What I learned from analyzing more than 80 job rejections with Python)

We’ve all gotten those emails at one point or another. You know, the ones that start with “Thank you for your interest” and end with shattered dreams and self-doubt. Okay, maybe that’s a bit extreme. Nonetheless, getting job rejections can be difficult.

我们都在某一点或另一点收到了这些电子邮件。 以“感谢您的关注”开始，以破碎的梦想和自我怀疑为结尾的故事。 好吧，也许这有点极端。 但是，很难拒绝工作。

Trust me, I know. I’ve received over 80 explicit job rejection emails over the past year while applying for internships. Let’s take a look at my experience by the numbers to provide a little context before we dive into the data.

相信我，我知道。 过去一年中，我在申请实习期间收到了80多封明确的工作拒绝电子邮件。 让我们用数字来看看我的经验 ，以便在深入研究数据之前提供一些背景信息。

• Applications: 234
  应用程序：234
• Replies: 93
  回覆：93
• Rejections: 90
  拒绝：90
• Offers: 3
  提供：3

It’s worth pointing out that, at least for internships, getting no response at all is not uncommon. In fact, over 60% of applications that I filled out saw no response whatsoever. In a lot of ways, this can cause even more anxiety than getting back a clear-cut “no” response back. At least in that case you can move on with your search instead of focusing on a lost cause.

值得指出的是，至少对于实习生而言，根本没有React是很普遍的。 实际上，我填写的60％以上的应用程序都没有任何响应。 从很多方面来说，这可能比返回明确的“不”响应引起更多的焦虑。 至少在这种情况下，您可以继续进行搜索，而不必关注丢失的原因。

As you might imagine, after hearing “no” 80+ times, you develop a sort of resistance to it. This resistance coupled with a bit of curiosity is what ultimately sparked the idea for this project. In short, I wanted to investigate what made these automated rejection emails tick and how they differed between companies. If you want to skip to the code itself, feel free to head on over to the GitHub repo and have at it.

就像您想象的那样，在听到“不”超过80次之后，您会对它产生某种抵抗。 这种抵制加上一定的好奇心最终激发了这个项目的想法。 简而言之，我想研究是什么使这些自动拒绝电子邮件滴答作响，以及它们在公司之间的区别。 如果您想跳到代码本身，请随时转到GitHub存储库并进行使用。

Throughout the rest of this post, I’ll go into how I scraped the rejection emails. Then I’ll answer some interesting questions regarding the timing and content of them.

在本文的其余部分中，我将介绍如何刮除拒绝电子邮件。 然后，我将回答一些有关其时间和内容的有趣问题。

数据采集 (Data collection)

First things first, let’s get the data. Upon querying my Gmail inbox, I found over 1,000 emails containing the words “intern” and “application”. This made things a bit tricky from an automation perspective.

首先，让我们获取数据。 在查询我的Gmail收件箱后，我发现了1000多个电子邮件，其中包含“实习生”和“应用程序”字样。 从自动化的角度来看，这使事情变得有些棘手。

I went through and sorted out the job rejections by each company. I provided each one with a “Job Rejection” label within Gmail. Once that was done, it was time to leverage the power of Python. I was able to log in with imaplib and scrape specific parts of the emails with the email package. For content analysis, I had to tokenize the text with nltk , and remove any punctuation and stopwords for analysis.

我仔细研究了每个公司的工作拒绝情况。 我在Gmail中为每个人都提供了“拒绝工作”标签。 一旦完成，就该利用Python的功能了。 我能够使用imaplib登录，并使用email包抓取电子邮件的特定部分。 对于内容分析，我必须使用nltk标记文本，并删除所有标点和停用词以进行分析。

常用字词 (Common words & phrases)

Ever think to yourself that these emails seem to all use the same general language? Personally, I’ve noticed a lot of the same phrases and lines used from company to company. This isn’t to say that there aren’t some creative attempts to soften the blow, but they are definitely few and far between.

是否曾经想过自己，这些电子邮件似乎都使用相同的通用语言？ 就个人而言，我注意到公司之间使用了许多相同的短语和词行。 这并不是说没有一些创造性的尝试可以减轻打击，但是绝对很少。

Let’s take a look at the most common words and phrases used in the subject lines of these emails. You know, so you can, at least, see it coming.

让我们看一下这些电子邮件主题行中最常用的单词和短语。 您知道，因此至少可以看到它的到来。

As you can see above, popular word choices include “application” and “your” among others. Just glancing at this, you can probably piece together the most likely subject headers without too much effort:

从上面可以看到，流行的单词选择包括“ application”和“ your”。 只需看一眼，您就可以轻松整理最可能的主题标题：

• Thank you for your interest.
  感谢您的关注。
• Update on your [Insert role] application.
  更新您的[插入角色]应用程序。

There appears to be small variations of these same tried and true subject lines, but these words often serve as the initial bearer of bad news.

这些相同且经过尝试和真实的主题行似乎有很小的变化，但是这些词通常是坏消息的最初承担者。

时间模式 (Time patterns)

Let’s take things a step further and look at how the timing of these emails breaks down. This reminded me of the age-old advice to never to fire someone on a Friday, since they can’t really take any steps towards new employment over the weekend. While not quite as severe as letting someone go, it’s still fascinating to think about the thought processes used when companies choose to deliver the bad news.

让我们更进一步，看看这些电子邮件的时间如何分解。 这使我想起了一个古老的建议，即永远不要在星期五解雇某人，因为他们在周末实际上无法采取任何措施来寻求新的工作。 尽管不如让某人放手那么严厉，但思考公司选择传递坏消息时所使用的思维过程仍然很有趣。

Let’s follow this idea and look at the day of the week breakdown for rejection emails. I’ll dive into the time of day breakdown afterwards.

让我们遵循这个想法，并查看拒绝电子邮件在一周中的细分。 之后，我将深入探讨一天中的细分时间。

It appears that “hump day” is the clear winner here. Thursday comes in at second place, with the rest of weekdays looking pretty consistent. Weekends look like smooth sailing for the most part, aside from a few notable anomalies that were sent on Saturday. Shame…

似乎“驼峰日”显然是这里的赢家。 星期四排在第二位，其余的工作日看起来很一致。 除了周六发送的一些明显异常外，周末大部分时间看起来都很顺畅。 耻辱…

For hour of day, it looks like the normal distribution we would expect. There appear to be spikes in rejection counts at 9 am and noon. These times signal the start of the workday for the EST and PST time zones, respectively. Only one single rejection came after 5pm PST (hour 20). Lookin’ at you P&G.

对于一天中的某个小时，它看起来像我们期望的正态分布。 上午9点和中午拒绝率似乎有所上升。 这些时间分别表示EST和PST时区的工作日开始。 太平洋标准时间下午5点(第20小时)之后只有一次拒绝。 看着你宝洁。

This wraps up the analysis portion of the post. Once again, you can check out the code and original analysis on GitHub or in the gist linked below.

这包装了帖子的分析部分。 再一次，您可以在GitHub或下面链接的要点中查看代码和原始分析。

最后的话 (Final words)

I found this project to be a fun exploration of job rejection emails. More than that, I found it to be a useful reflection on my job search and dealing with rejection in general. Not enough people out there value the ability to deal with failure as a practical skill or even a super power in some ways.

我发现这个项目是对拒绝工作电子邮件的有趣探索。 不仅如此，我发现它对我的求职和一般的拒绝工作很有用。 没有足够的人认为以某种方式将失败作为一项实用技能甚至是一种超级能力来应对的能力。

“I’ve failed over and over again in my life… and that is why I succeed” — Michael Jordan

“我一生一次又一次失败……这就是为什么我成功了”-迈克尔·乔丹

After 80+ explicit rejections, you begin to get used to the notion of failure. I found myself becoming increasingly less hesitant to apply to positions at prestigious companies or cold-email recruiters. This allowed me to obtain opportunities that initially I didn’t think were within reach.

经过80多次明确的拒绝后，您开始习惯于失败的概念。 我发现自己变得越来越毫不犹豫地申请享有声望的公司或招聘冷门的招聘人员。 这使我获得了最初我认为无法实现的机会。

If you’re reading this, take those chances, reach a little further, go out there and fail. Get back up. Then fail some more. It’s only through this process that improvement and, ultimately, success can be achieved. And when you do accomplish that next success, don’t forget to look back to all the failures that brought you there and say one thing:

如果您正在阅读本文，请抓住这些机会，走得更远，走到那里，然后失败。 重新站起来。 然后再失败一些。 只有通过这个过程，才能取得改善，最终取得成功。 当您确实获得下一个成功时，别忘了回顾带给您的所有失败并说出一句话：

Thank you for your interest.

感谢您的关注。

Thanks for reading! If you enjoyed the post, go ahead and show the clap button some love and check out some of my related posts below:

谢谢阅读！ 如果您喜欢此职位，请继续向拍手按钮显示一些爱意，并查看以下我的一些相关职位：

• Deconstructing Metrics on Medium

  解构中等指标

• The Big List of DS/ML Interview Resources

  DS / ML面试资源大清单

• Python for Data Science: 8 Concepts You May Have Forgotten

  Python for Data Science：您可能已经忘记的8个概念

If you’re interested in more posts to come, make sure to follow me and subscribe to my newsletter below to receive any new content. For more on me and what I’m up to, check out my website.

如果您对以后的更多帖子感兴趣，请确保关注我并订阅下面的新闻通讯以接收任何新内容。 有关我以及我的最新发展的更多信息，请访问我的网站 。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-i-learned-from-analyzing-more-than-80-job-rejections-with-python-11044ee6927b/

学python分析双色球