HTTP协议编程，实现文件上传，Android客户端代码

第一步：编写FormFile实体类，用于封转上传文件的属性

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
* 上传文件
*/
public class FormFile {
/* 上传文件的数据 */
private byte[] data;
private InputStream inStream;
private File file;
/* 文件名称 */
private String filname;
/* 请求参数名称*/
private String parameterName;
/* 内容类型 */
private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";

public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.data = data;
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}

public FormFile(File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.filname = file.getName();
this.parameterName = parameterName;
this.file = file;
try {
this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}

public File getFile() {
return file;
}

public InputStream getInStream() {
return inStream;
}

public byte[] getData() {
return data;
}

FTP 协议。 public String getFilname() {
return filname;
}

public void setFilname(String filname) {
this.filname = filname;
}

public String getParameterName() {
return parameterName;
}

public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
this.parameterName = parameterName;
}

public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}

public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}

}

文件上传协议是什么，第二步：计算出上传文件的字节数，并通过面向HTTP协议实现上传工作

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

public class SocketHttpRequester {
/**
* 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
* <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
<input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
<input type="file" name="zip"/>
</FORM>
* @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
* @param file 上传文件
*/
public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{
final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志

int fileDataLength = 0;
for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
fileExplain.append("--");
fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
fileExplain.append("\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
}else{
fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
}
fileDataLength += "\r\n".length();
}
StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
textEntity.append("--");
textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
textEntity.append("\r\n");
textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
textEntity.append("\r\n");
}
//计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;

URL url = new URL(path);
int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
//下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
outStream.write(language.getBytes());
String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
outStream.write(host.getBytes());
//写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
//把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
//把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
fileEntity.append("--");
fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
fileEntity.append("\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
uploadFile.getInStream().close();
}else{
outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
}
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
}
//下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
outStream.write(endline.getBytes());

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
return false;
}
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
reader.close();
socket.close();
return true;
}

/**
* 提交数据到服务器
* @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
* @param file 上传文件
*/
public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
}
/**
* 提交数据到服务器
* @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
* @param encode 编码
*/
public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();//用于存放请求参数
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode);
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);
httppost.setEntity(entity);
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();//看作是浏览器
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);//发送post请求
return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent());
}

/**
* 发送请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值
* @param encode 请求参数的编码
*/
public static byte[] post(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{
//String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数
StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder("");
if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()){
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&");
}
parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1);
}
byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes();
URL url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);//允许对外发送请求参数
conn.setUseCaches(false);//不进行缓存
conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
//下面设置http请求头
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");

//发送参数
DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
}
return null;
}

/**
* 读取流
* @param inStream
* @return 字节数组
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
return outSteam.toByteArray();
}
}

第三步：建立业务类

文件上传协议简称、import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import cn.itcast.utils.FormFile;
import cn.itcast.utils.SocketHttpRequester;

public class NewsService {
/**
* 保存数据
* @param title 标题
* @param length 时长
* @return
*/
public static boolean save(String title, String length) {
String path = "http://192.168.0.168:8080/web/ManageServlet";
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("title", title);
params.put("timelength", length);
try {
return sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(path, params, "UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 通过HttpClient发送Post请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数
* @param encoding 编码
* @return 请求是否成功
*/
private static boolean sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception{
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();//存放请求参数
if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()){
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, encoding);
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 发送Post请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数
* @param encoding 编码
* @return 请求是否成功
*/
private static boolean sendPOSTRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception{
// title=liming&timelength=90
StringBuilder data = new StringBuilder();
if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()){
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
data.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
data.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding));
data.append("&");
}
data.deleteCharAt(data.length() - 1);
}
byte[] entity = data.toString().getBytes();//生成实体数据
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(path).openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);//允许对外输出数据
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(entity.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(entity);
if(conn.getResponseCode() == 200){
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 发送GET请求
* @param path 请求路径
* @param params 请求参数
* @param encoding 编码
* @return 请求是否成功
*/
private static boolean sendGETRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params, String ecoding) throws Exception{
// http://192.168.1.100:8080/web/ManageServlet?title=xxx&timelength=90
StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(path);
url.append("?");
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
url.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
url.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), ecoding));
url.append("&");
}
url.deleteCharAt(url.length() - 1);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)new URL(url.toString()).openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
if(conn.getResponseCode() == 200){
return true;
}
return false;
}

public static boolean save(String title, String length, File uploadFile) {
String path = "http://192.168.0.168:8080/web/ManageServlet";
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("title", title);
params.put("timelength", length);
FormFile formFile = new FormFile(uploadFile, "videofile", "image/gif");
try {
return SocketHttpRequester.post(path, params, formFile);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}

}

第四步：在Activity中调用业务类的方法，实现上传

用于文件上传和下载的协议。public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private EditText titleText;
private EditText lengthText;
private EditText nameText;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title);
lengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength);
nameText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.filename);
}

public void save(View v){
String filename = nameText.getText().toString();
String title = titleText.getText().toString();
String length = lengthText.getText().toString();
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED) ||
Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY) ){
File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), filename);
if(uploadFile.exists()){
boolean result = NewsService.save(title, length, uploadFile);
if(result){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.success, 1).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.error, 1).show();
}
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.filenoexsit, 1).show();
}
}else{
boolean result = NewsService.save(title, length);
if(result){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.success, 1).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.error, 1).show();
}
}
}
}